centos6超20TB磁盘的分区格式化的示例代码

一、服务器环境配置:

1、检查磁盘分区:

近期项目有个服务从虚拟机迁移到物理机,服务磁盘用户自己做了raid为3.8TB 2块磁盘配置 Raid1然后又3.8TB 6块磁盘配置了Raid5,安装操作系统使用的sda 3.8TB空间的raid1已分区。3.8TB*6的磁盘sdb共20TB的空间需要分区,并挂载给系统做存储使用。步骤如下:

1.1查询确认sdb状态:

  # fdisk -l  WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.  Disk /dev/sda: 4000.2 GB, 4000225165312 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 486333 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x00000000      Device Boot   Start     End   Blocks  Id System  /dev/sda1        1   267350 2147483647+ ee GPT  Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.  WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted  Disk /dev/sdb: 20001.1 GB, 20001125826560 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2431665 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x00000000      Device Boot   Start     End   Blocks  Id System  /dev/sdb1        1   267350 2147483647+ ee GPT  Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.    Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol00: 2531.7 GB, 2531690283008 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 307793 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x00000000    Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01: 1468.0 GB, 1468006400000 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 178474 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x00000000

1.2、sdb磁盘分区:

  # parted /dev/sdb  GNU Parted 2.1  使用 /dev/sdb  Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.                         (parted) print    #查看当前分区                         Model: LSI MRSASRoMB-8i (scsi)  Disk /dev/sdb: 20.0TB  Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B  Partition Table: gpt    Number Start End Size File system Name 标志    (parted) mkpart primary 0% 100%    #将磁盘所有空间分为一个区                              (parted) print      #再次查询磁盘分区                           Model: LSI MRSASRoMB-8i (scsi)  Disk /dev/sdb: 20.0TB  Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B  Partition Table: gpt    Number Start  End   Size  File system Name   标志   1   1049kB 20.0TB 20.0TB        primary                                   (parted) quit                                 信息: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

1.3、正确格式化的方法:

a、使用mkfs命令(如下)格式化是无法格式化的,检查为mkfs.ext4无法格式化16TB以上的分区,原因为Centos6.10 e2fsprogs版本为1.41.12,需升级为1.42版本

  mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1     #无法如此格式化  

b、升级e2fsprogs版本:

  tar zvxf e2fsprogs-1.42.10.tar.gz   cd e2fsprogs-1.42.10  mkdir build  cd build/  ../configure   make  make install  ##如有“忽略”错误正常。  

c、查询需要分区的扇区大小

  # df -h  Disk /dev/sdb: 20001.1 GB, 20001125826560 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2431665 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x00000000      Device Boot   Start     End   Blocks  Id System  /dev/sdb1        1   267350 2147483647+ ee GPT  Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.    

d、对磁盘重新格式化命令如下:

  # mke2fs -O 64bit,has_journal,extents,huge_file,flex_bg,uninit_bg,dir_nlink,extra_isize -i 267350 /dev/sdb1  mke2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)    Warning: the fs_type huge is not defined in mke2fs.conf    Creating filesystem with 4883086848 4k blocks and 76298240 inodes  Filesystem UUID: 74dabc93-177b-4531-aab9-e55a1e2efe9d  Superblock backups stored on blocks:     32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,     4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,     102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544, 1934917632,     2560000000, 3855122432    Allocating group tables: 完成                正在写入inode表: 完成                Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成  Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成        This filesystem will be automatically checked every 34 mounts or      ##提示180天问题  180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.    

e、解决180天问题

  # tune2fs -i 3650d /dev/sdb1  tune2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)  Setting interval between checks to 315360000 seconds    #确认时间正确  # tune2fs -l /dev/sdb1  tune2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)  Filesystem volume name:  <none>  Last mounted on:     <not available>  Filesystem UUID:     74dabc93-177b-4531-aab9-e55a1e2efe9d  Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53  Filesystem revision #:  1 (dynamic)  Filesystem features:   has_journal ext_attr dir_index filetype extent 64bit flex_bg sparse_super huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize  Filesystem flags:     signed_directory_hash   Default mount options:  user_xattr acl  Filesystem state:     clean  Errors behavior:     Continue  Filesystem OS type:    Linux  Inode count:       76298240  Block count:       4883086848  Reserved block count:   244154342  Free blocks:       4877929145  Free inodes:       76298229  First block:       0  Block size:        4096  Fragment size:      4096  Group descriptor size:  64  Blocks per group:     32768  Fragments per group:   32768  Inodes per group:     512  Inode blocks per group:  32  Flex block group size:  16  Filesystem created:    Fri Jun 5 17:08:54 2020  Last mount time:     Fri Jun 5 17:14:34 2020  Last write time:     Fri Jun 5 17:15:58 2020  Mount count:       1  Maximum mount count:   34  Last checked:       Fri Jun 5 17:08:54 2020           ##开始时间  Check interval:      315360000 (121 months, 2 weeks, 6 days)  Next check after:     Mon Jun 3 17:08:54 2030           ##最终时间  Lifetime writes:     349 MB  Reserved blocks uid:   0 (user root)  Reserved blocks gid:   0 (group root)  First inode:       11  Inode size:      256  Required extra isize:   28  Desired extra isize:   28  Journal inode:      8  Default directory hash:  half_md4  Directory Hash Seed:   0f4e7ee0-4aec-41cf-b81a-7d5a4ed045c4  Journal backup:      inode blocks

1.4、挂载磁盘:

a、挂载磁盘

  # cd /  # mkdir data  # mount /dev/sdb1 /data  # df -Th  Filesystem      Type  Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on  /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol00             ext4  2.3T  12G 2.2T  1% /  tmpfs        tmpfs  32G 144K  32G  1% /dev/shm  /dev/sda1      ext4  477M  41M 412M  9% /boot  /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01             ext4  1.4T  70M 1.3T  1% /home  /dev/sdb1      ext4  19T  20K  18T  1% /data  

b、设置开机挂载

在文件尾部增加一行如下内容,需注意实际的文件路径。

  vim /etc/fstab    /dev/sdb1        /data          ext4  defaults    0 0    

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