详解Nginx 虚拟主机配置的三种方式(基于IP)

Nginx配置虚拟主机支持3种方式:基于IP的虚拟主机配置,基于端口的虚拟主机配置,基于域名的虚拟主机配置。

详解Nginx 虚拟主机配置的三种方式(基于端口)

详解Nginx 虚拟主机配置的三种方式(基于域名)

1、基于IP的虚拟主机配置

如果同一台服务器有多个IP,可以使用基于IP的虚机主机配置,将不同的服务绑定在不同的IP上。

1.1 假设服务器有个IP地址为192.168.2.150,首先使用ifconfig在同一个网络接口上绑定其他3个IP。

  [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33:1 192.168.2.151/24 up  [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33:2 192.168.2.152/24 up  [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33:3 192.168.2.153/24 up  [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig  ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500   inet 192.168.2.106 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255   inet6 fe80::2a8d:be6:a4a8:ea0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>   ether 00:0c:29:16:90:ae txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)   RX packets 1220 bytes 87955 (85.8 KiB)   RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0   TX packets 206 bytes 23755 (23.1 KiB)   TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0    ens33:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500   inet 192.168.2.151 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255   ether 00:0c:29:16:90:ae txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)    ens33:2: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500   inet 192.168.2.152 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255   ether 00:0c:29:16:90:ae txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)    ens33:3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500   inet 192.168.2.153 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255   ether 00:0c:29:16:90:ae txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)    lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536   inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0   inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>   loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)   RX packets 72 bytes 6252 (6.1 KiB)   RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0   TX packets 72 bytes 6252 (6.1 KiB)   TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

1.2 3个IP对应的域名如下,配置主机的host文件便于测试

  [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts  [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts  127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4  ::1  localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6  192.168.2.151 www.test151.com  192.168.2.152 www.test152.com  192.168.2.153 www.test153.com

可以模拟实现DNS轮询的情况。

附:设置完hosts文件后一定要记得执行以下命令使其生效

1、windows下cmd进入命令行

  C:Users1234>ipconfig /flushdns    Windows IP 配置    已成功刷新 DNS 解析缓存。  

1.3 建立虚拟主机存放网页的根目录,并创建首页文件index.html

  [root@localhost /]# mkdir -p /data/www  [root@localhost /]# cd /data/www  [root@localhost www]# mkdir 151  [root@localhost www]# mkdir 152  [root@localhost www]# mkdir 153  [root@localhost www]# echo "192.168.2.151" > 151/index.html  [root@localhost www]# echo "192.168.2.152" > 152/index.html  [root@localhost www]# echo "192.168.2.153" > 153/index.html  [root@localhost www]# ls  151 152 153  

1.4 修改nginx.conf,将虚拟主机配置文件包含进主文件

  [root@localhost /]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/  [root@localhost conf]# ls  fastcgi.conf  fastcgi_params  koi-utf mime.types  nginx.conf  scgi_params  uwsgi_params  win-utf  fastcgi.conf.default fastcgi_params.default koi-win mime.types.default nginx.conf.default scgi_params.default uwsgi_params.default  [root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf

在nginx.conf文件末尾加入以下配置

  # 在http段中找到以下内容并删除每行前面的“#”   log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '     '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '     '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';    # 配置文件结尾的最后一个“}”之前加入以下语句,如下所示  include vhost/*.conf;  }  

1.5 编辑每个IP的配置文件(每个虚拟主机的配置文件)

  [root@localhost conf]# mkdir -p vhost  [root@localhost conf]# cd vhost/  [root@localhost vhost]# cat www.test151.conf   server {   listen 192.168.2.151:80;   # 配置成实际的域名,每个虚拟主机的配置文件域名都相同   #server_name www.test.com;     access_log /data/logs/www.test151.com.log main;   error_log /data/logs/www.test151.com.error.log;     location / {    root /data/www/151;    index index.html index.htm;   }   }    [root@localhost vhost]# cat www.test152.conf   server {   listen 192.168.2.152:80;   # 配置成实际的域名,每个虚拟主机的配置文件域名都相同   #server_name www.test.com;     access_log /data/logs/www.test152.com.log main;   error_log /data/logs/www.test152.com.error.log;     location / {    root /data/www/152;    index index.html index.htm;   }   }    [root@localhost vhost]# cat www.test153.conf   server {   listen 192.168.2.153:80;   # 配置成实际的域名,每个虚拟主机的配置文件域名都相同   #server_name www.test.com;     access_log /data/logs/www.test153.com.log main;   error_log /data/logs/www.test153.com.error.log;     location / {    root /data/www/153;    index index.html index.htm;   }   }    

1.6 创建日志文件,否则无法启动nginx

  [root@localhost /]# mkdir -p /data/logs  [root@localhost /]# touch /data/logs/www.test151.com.log  [root@localhost /]# touch /data/logs/www.test151.com.error.log  [root@localhost /]# touch /data/logs/www.test152.com.log  [root@localhost /]# touch /data/logs/www.test152.com.error.log  [root@localhost /]# touch /data/logs/www.test153.com.log  [root@localhost /]# touch /data/logs/www.test153.com.error.log  [root@localhost /]# ls /data/logs/  www.test151.com.error.log www.test152.com.error.log www.test153.com.error.log  www.test151.com.log www.test152.com.log www.test153.com.log  

1.7 先测试配置文件然后再启动nginx

  [root@localhost /]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/  [root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -t  nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok  nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful  # 启动nginx  [root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx  

1.8 测试文件

  [root@localhost sbin]# curl www.test151.com  192.168.2.151  [root@localhost sbin]# curl www.test152.com  192.168.2.152  [root@localhost sbin]# curl www.test153.com  192.168.2.153  

附:配置过程中出现的问题

1、测试配置文件时出现的问题

  [root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx -t  nginx: [emerg] unexpected "}" in /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:122  nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test failed

解决方法:下面语句忘记加分号

  include vhost/*.conf;

2、使用 curl www.test*.com 测试时总是访问到相同的结果

解决方法:不要将IP地址写在 server_name 后面, server_name 后面只能添加域名。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支Fatmouse

参与评论