linux中ftp服务搭建需要注意的地方

1.配置文件

/etc/vsftpd 目录下的vsftpd.conf文件

  # Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf  #  # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file  # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.  # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.  #  # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.  # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's  # capabilities.  #  # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).  anonymous_enable=NO  #  # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.  local_enable=YES  #  # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.  write_enable=YES  #  # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,  # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)  local_umask=022  #  # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only  # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will  # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.  #anon_upload_enable=YES  #  # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create  # new directories.  #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES  #  # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they  # go into a certain directory.  dirmessage_enable=YES  #  # The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.  # This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter  xferlog_enable=NO  #  # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).  connect_from_port_20=YES  #  # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by  # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not  # recommended!  #chown_uploads=YES  #chown_username=whoever  #  # The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES  # WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log  #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog  #  # Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.  # NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file  xferlog_std_format=YES  #  # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.  #idle_session_timeout=600  #  # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.  #data_connection_timeout=120  #  # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the  # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.  #nopriv_user=ftpsecure  #  # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not  # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,  # however, may confuse older FTP clients.  #async_abor_enable=YES  #  # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore  # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII  # mangling on files when in ASCII mode.  # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service  # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd  # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the  # raw file.  # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.  #ascii_upload_enable=YES  #ascii_download_enable=YES  #  # You may fully customise the login banner string:  #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.  #  # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently  # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.  #deny_email_enable=YES  # (default follows)  #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails  #  # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home  # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of  # users to NOT chroot().  chroot_local_user=YES  #chroot_list_enable=YES  # (default follows)  #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list  #  # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by  # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large  # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume  # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.  #ls_recurse_enable=YES  #  # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and  # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction  # with the listen_ipv6 directive.  listen=YES  #  # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6  # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.  # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!  #listen_ipv6=YES    pam_service_name=vsftpd  userlist_enable=YES  tcp_wrappers=YES  pasv_enable=YES  pasv_min_port=1024  pasv_max_port=1034

2.新建用户

adduser -m -d /home/data/ftp -s /bin/sh -g root ftptest3

这个用户的根目录 是/home/data/ftp

3.禁止登录

首先,设定用户的shell:/usr/bin/nologin

使用root用户:usermod -s /usr/bin/nologin username

因为ftp在登录时要检查该用户的shell设定是否正确,如果在/etc/shells中不存在的/usr/bin/nologin,

结果就会出错导致用户无法登录。

打开/etc/shells,添加“/usr/bin/nologin”,即可。

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