Ubuntu下Docker CE的安装

本文用于记录Ubuntu 17.10下Docker CE的安装。

安装依赖

关于Docker CE版本在Ubuntu下安装有如下限制

64位的OS

需要Ubuntu64bit的OS, 确认方法如下

  devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m  x86_64  devops@ubuntu:~$

版本

支持如下Ubuntu的版本

Artful 17.10
Xenial 16.04 (LTS)
Trusty 14.04 (LTS)

注意：其中Artful 17.10只支持Docker CE17.11 Edge以及以后版本，因为Artful本身也是在2017年10月发行的过渡版本

发行代码的确认方式，比如Artful

  devops@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -cs  artful  devops@ubuntu:~$

硬件

Ubuntu对Docker CE的支持除了需要是64位的OS之外，x86的CPU也是需要的。除了x86之外，还有如下的支持类型

armhf
s390x（IBM Z）
ppc64le （IBM Power）

  devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m  x86_64  devops@ubuntu:~$

安装

apt-get update

使用apt-get update更新源中的软件列表

  devops@ubuntu:~$ sudo su  [sudo] password for devops:   root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update  Hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful InRelease           Get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates InRelease [78.6 kB]               Hit:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports InRelease            Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security InRelease [78.6 kB]  Get:5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main i386 Packages [212 kB]  Get:6 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 Packages [216 kB]  Get:7 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe i386 Packages [89.0 kB]  Get:8 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 Packages [89.9 kB]  Fetched 764 kB in 4s (163 kB/s)                          Reading package lists... Done  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

安装所需的package

命令：apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

执行日志

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common  Reading package lists... Done  Building dependency tree      Reading state information... Done  ca-certificates is already the newest version (20170717).  software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.17).  The following additional packages will be installed:   libcurl3  The following NEW packages will be installed:   apt-transport-https  The following packages will be upgraded:   curl libcurl3  2 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.  Need to get 383 kB of archives.  After this operation, 247 kB of additional disk space will be used.  Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y  Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 apt-transport-https amd64 1.5.1 [34.7 kB]  Get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 curl amd64 7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3 [152 kB]                 Get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 libcurl3 amd64 7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3 [196 kB]               Fetched 383 kB in 14s (26.2 kB/s)                                                     perl: warning: Setting locale failed.  perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:    LANGUAGE = "en_HK:en",    LC_ALL = (unset),    LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8",    LANG = "en_HK.UTF-8"    are supported and installed on your system.  perl: warning: Falling back to a fallback locale ("en_HK.UTF-8").  locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory  locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory  Selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https.  (Reading database ... 63866 files and directories currently installed.)  Preparing to unpack .../apt-transport-https_1.5.1_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...  Preparing to unpack .../curl_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...  Preparing to unpack .../libcurl3_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...  Setting up apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...  Setting up libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...  Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...  Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...  Setting up curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

添加GPG key

使用如下命令添加docker官方的GPG key，

命令：curl -fsSL | sudo apt-key add -

执行日志

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -  OK  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

此key的数字签名为9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88，所以可以用其最后8位进行确认

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88  pub  rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]     9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88  uid      [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com>  sub  rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

设定stable源仓库

使用如下命令设定x86安装类型的stable源仓库

命令：add-apt-repository “deb [arch=amd64] $(lsb_release -cs) stable”

如果是其他类型的化，对应关系参看如下，将上述命令中的arch=amd64进行替换即可

执行日志：

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

apt-get update

再次使用apt-get update更新源中的软件列表

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update  Hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful InRelease              Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security InRelease [78.6 kB]      Get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates InRelease [78.6 kB]                        Hit:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports InRelease                        Get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful InRelease [51.9 kB]  Get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 Packages [1462 B]  Fetched 211 kB in 2s (85.8 kB/s)  Reading package lists... Done  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

安装docker-ce

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce  Reading package lists... Done  Building dependency tree      Reading state information... Done  The following additional packages will be installed:   aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount libltdl7  The following NEW packages will be installed:   aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount docker-ce libltdl7  0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.  Need to get 29.9 MB of archives.  After this operation, 150 MB of additional disk space will be used.  Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y  Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1 [102 kB]  Get:2 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu [29.8 MB]  Get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.4 [6320 B]  Get:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/main amd64 libltdl7 amd64 2.4.6-2 [38.8 kB]  Fetched 29.9 MB in 8s (3536 kB/s)                                                     perl: warning: Setting locale failed.  perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:    LANGUAGE = "en_HK:en",    LC_ALL = (unset),    LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8",    LANG = "en_HK.UTF-8"    are supported and installed on your system.  perl: warning: Falling back to a fallback locale ("en_HK.UTF-8").  locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory  locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory  Selecting previously unselected package aufs-tools.  (Reading database ... 63874 files and directories currently installed.)  Preparing to unpack .../aufs-tools_1%3a4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...  Selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount.  Preparing to unpack .../cgroupfs-mount_1.4_all.deb ...  Unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...  Selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64.  Preparing to unpack .../libltdl7_2.4.6-2_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...  Selecting previously unselected package docker-ce.  Preparing to unpack .../docker-ce_17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu_amd64.deb ...  Unpacking docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...  Setting up aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...  Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...  Setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...  Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...  Processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...  Setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...  Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...  Setting up docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...  Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.  Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket → /lib/systemd/system/docker.socket.  Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...  Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...  Processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

指定版本安装

如果希望指定版本方式安装，则在安装时需要指定docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu版本方式即可

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-cache madison docker-ce   docker-ce | 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 Packages   docker-ce | 17.12.0~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 Packages  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu  Reading package lists... Done  Building dependency tree      Reading state information... Done  docker-ce is already the newest version (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu).  0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

安装后确认

版本确认

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker version  Client:   Version:  17.12.1-ce   API version:  1.35   Go version:  go1.9.4   Git commit:  7390fc6   Built: Tue Feb 27 22:17:53 2018   OS/Arch:  linux/amd64  Server:   Engine:   Version: 17.12.1-ce   API version: 1.35 (minimum version 1.12)   Go version:  go1.9.4   Git commit:  7390fc6   Built:  Tue Feb 27 22:16:25 2018   OS/Arch: linux/amd64   Experimental: false  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

整体信息

可以看出很多基本信息，比如存储方式为overlay2

  root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker info  Containers: 0   Running: 0   Paused: 0   Stopped: 0  Images: 0  Server Version: 17.12.1-ce  Storage Driver: overlay2   Backing Filesystem: extfs   Supports d_type: true   Native Overlay Diff: true  Logging Driver: json-file  Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs  Plugins:   Volume: local   Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay   Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog  Swarm: inactive  Runtimes: runc  Default Runtime: runc  Init Binary: docker-init  containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55  runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e  init version: 949e6fa  Security Options:   apparmor   seccomp   Profile: default  Kernel Version: 4.13.0-21-generic  Operating System: Ubuntu 17.10  OSType: linux  Architecture: x86_64  CPUs: 1  Total Memory: 988.7MiB  Name: ubuntu  ID: TYYA:4LWB:YTHA:2DNB:XBXM:NFNP:ADMY:VZEJ:2ZBN:KPKW:PTML:S5A2  Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker  Debug Mode (client): false  Debug Mode (server): false  Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/  Labels:  Experimental: false  Insecure Registries:   127.0.0.0/8  Live Restore Enabled: false  WARNING: No swap limit support  root@ubuntu:/home/devops#

参考文献

总结

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