详解NGINX如何统计网站的PV、UV、独立IP

Nginx: PV、UV、独立IP

做网站的都知道,平常经常要查询下网站PV、UV等网站的访问数据,当然如果网站做了CDN的话,nginx本地的日志就没什么意义了,下面就对nginx网站的日志访问数据做下统计;

概念:

  • UV(Unique Visitor):独立访客,将每个独立上网电脑(以cookie为依据)视为一位访客,一天之内(00:00-24:00),访问您网站的访客数量。一天之内相同cookie的访问只被计算1次
  • PV(Page View):访问量,即页面浏览量或者点击量,用户每次对网站的访问均被记录1次。用户对同一页面的多次访问,访问量值累计
  • 统计独立IP:00:00-24:00内相同IP地址只被计算一次,做网站优化的朋友最关心这个

先声明下环境,此次运行的nginx版本1.7,后端Tomcat运行的是动态交互程序(需进行用户认证,如果是静态页面则抓不到cache值,$http_cookie是空值),就是这样;

nginx日志文件配置

  http {    include    mime.types;    default_type application/octet-stream;    log_format main '$remote_addr - [$time_local] "$request" '              ' - $status "User_Cookie:$guid" ';   #User_Cookie为日志显示字符,$guid为变量,具体内容在下面定义,也可在日志格式里写入$http_cookie 显示完整的cookie内容<br>    sendfile    on;    keepalive_timeout 65;      upstream backserver {      ip_hash;      server 1.1.2.2:8080;      server 1.1.2.3:8080;  }  server {      listen    80;      server_name localhost;      #if ( $http_cookie ~* "(.*)$") 匹配所有内容      if ( $http_cookie ~* "CSID=([A-Z0-9]*)"){          set $guid $1;      }  #只匹配CSID字符信息,此处为正则表达式<br>      access_log logs/host.access.log main;       location ~* ^(.*)$ {         #limit_req zone=allips burst=1 nodelay;            proxy_pass http://backserver;         proxy_set_header Host $host;         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;         proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;         client_max_body_size 8m;         }      error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;      location = /50x.html {        root  html;      }  }   

注:$http_cookie这个里面的值是一个一个cookie的值,中间以“;”分隔

日志输出格式

192.168.40.2 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:35 +0800]  "GET /wcm/app/main/refresh.jsp?r=1478072325778 HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F00000122A5597C46607B1C0A7EC016"
192.168.40.2 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:35 +0800]  "GET /webpic/W0201611/W020161102/W020161102566715167404.jpg HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F00000122A5597C46607B1C0A7EC016"
119.255.31.109 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:36 +0800]  "GET /wcm/app/main/refresh.jsp?r=1478072510132 HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F000001237921BE9237838AEC65704D"
119.255.31.109 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:36 +0800]  "GET /wcm/app/message/message_query_service.jsp?READFLAG=0&MSGTYPES=1%2C2%2C3 HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F000001237921BE9237838AEC65704D"
192.168.40.2 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:37 +0800]  "GET /wcm/app/message/message_query_service.jsp?READFLAG=0&MSGTYPES=1%2C2%2C3 HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F00000123D3BF2345115EAAC21F71E0"
192.168.40.2 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:37 +0800]  "GET /wcm/app/message/message_query_service.jsp?READFLAG=0&MSGTYPES=1%2C2%2C3 HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F00000123EF73896DF98EDA9950944E"
192.168.40.2 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:37 +0800]  "GET /wcm/app/message/message_query_service.jsp?READFLAG=0&MSGTYPES=1%2C2%2C3 HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F00000123FE0F9C397E1A8F0C4F044B"
192.168.40.2 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:37 +0800]  "GET /wcm/app/main/refresh.jsp?r=1478072511427 HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F00000123A465B7EA1DE0AF0AE671B7"
119.255.31.109 - [02/Nov/2016:15:44:38 +0800]  "GET /wcm/app/message/message_query_service.jsp?READFLAG=0&MSGTYPES=1%2C2%2C3 HTTP/1.1"  - 200 "User_Cookie:7F00000123D89B11302DF80AE773C900" 

PV统计

可统计单个链接地址访问量:

  [root@localhost logs]# grep index.shtml host.access.log | wc -l 

总PV量:

  [root@localhost logs]# awk '{print $6}' host.access.log | wc -l 

独立IP

  [root@localhost logs]# awk '{print $1}' host.access.log | sort -r |uniq -c | wc -l 

UV统计

  [root@localhost logs]# awk '{print $10}' host.access.log | sort -r |uniq -c |wc -l 

Cookie 测试页面

关于种cookie,可以使用下面的html代码,编辑,添加需要种的cookie

  #index.html   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">  <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gbk">  <meta http-equiv="Refresh" content="10"> //为了方便测试,每10秒刷新一次页面  </head>  <body>  <h1>test.test.com域测试</h1>  下面列出了该域的cookie<br>  <p>  <script>  document.cookie="guid=A1UD8E5512451111111111"; //种cookie,追加  document.cookie="city=beijing"; //种cookie,追加  document.write(document.cookie); //列出已经存在的  </script>  </p>  </body>  </html>   

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