Linux下如何调整根目录的空间大小

一、目的

在使用CentOS6.3版本Linux系统的时候,发现根目录(/)的空间不是很充足,而其他目录空间有很大的空闲,所以本文主要是针对现在已有的空间进行调整。首先,先来查看一下系统的空间分配情况:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# df -h   Filesystem      Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on   /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root               50G  14G  34G 30% /   tmpfs         1.9G   0 1.9G  0% /dev/shm   /dev/sda1       485M  37M 423M  8% /boot   /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home              404G 670M 382G  1% /home 

下面的详细步骤部分将从vg_centos-lv_home分区下取出100G的空间添加到/vg_centos-lv_root分区上去。

二、详细步骤

1、卸载vg_centos-lv_home分区

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# umount /home 

此时在用df命令查看将会发现/home目录已经看不见了,如下所示:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# df -h   Filesystem      Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on   /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root               50G  14G  34G 30% /   tmpfs         1.9G   0 1.9G  0% /dev/shm   /dev/sda1       485M  37M 423M  8% /boot 

2、从新设定vg_home-lv_home的大小

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home 282G   resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)   Please run 'e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home' first. 

这一步设定vg_home-lv_home大小没有成功,系统提示我们先运行下面的命令,操作如下:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home   e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)   Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes   Pass 2: Checking directory structure   Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity   Pass 4: Checking reference counts   Pass 5: Checking group summary information   /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home: 1386/26836992 files (0.9% non-contiguous), 1855856/107344896 blocks 

从新设定vg_home-lv_home的大小:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home 282G   resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)   Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home to 73924608 (4k) blocks.   Begin pass 2 (max = 43)   Relocating blocks       XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX   Begin pass 3 (max = 3276)   Scanning inode table     XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX   Begin pass 4 (max = 266)   Updating inode references   XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX   The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home is now 73924608 blocks long. 

检查是否成功:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# mount /home   [root@CentOS-78 /]#   [root@CentOS-78 /]# df -h   Filesystem      Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on   /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root               50G  14G  34G 30% /   tmpfs         1.9G   0 1.9G  0% /dev/shm   /dev/sda1       485M  37M 423M  8% /boot   /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home              278G 663M 263G  1% /home   [root@CentOS-78 /]# 

3、将lv_home逻辑分区减小到指定大小

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# lvreduce -L 282G /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home    WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 282.00 GiB    THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)   Do you really want to reduce lv_home? [y/n]: y    Reducing logical volume lv_home to 282.00 GiB    Logical volume lv_home successfully resized   [root@CentOS-78 /]# 

我认为这个命令是将已经减少的100G空间拿到系统公共的区域,可以被其他分区加载和利用。

查询卷组的信息:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# vgdisplay    --- Volume group ---    VG Name        vg_centos    System ID    Format        lvm2    Metadata Areas    1    Metadata Sequence No 5    VG Access       read/write    VG Status       resizable    MAX LV        0    Cur LV        3    Open LV        3    Max PV        0    Cur PV        1    Act PV        1    VG Size        465.27 GiB    PE Size        4.00 MiB    Total PE       119109    Alloc PE / Size    86472 / 337.78 GiB    Free PE / Size    32637 / 127.49 GiB    VG UUID        1k4ooN-RFV9-uyf1-uMYf-aERG-YaGs-ZNoSD6   

Free PE / Size指定的应该是现在可在分配的空间。

4、增加vg_centos-lv_root分区的大小

将可用的空间添加到vg_centos-lv_root分区上面:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# lvextend -L +127.40G /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root    Rounding up size to full physical extent 127.40 GiB    Extending logical volume lv_root to 177.40 GiB    Logical volume lv_root successfully resized   [root@CentOS-78 /]#   

从新设定该分区的大小:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root   resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)   Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required   old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 12   Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root to 46504960 (4k) blocks.   The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root is now 46504960 blocks long. 

5、再次查看分区大小

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# df -h   Filesystem      Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on   /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_root              175G  14G 153G  9% /   tmpfs         1.9G   0 1.9G  0% /dev/shm   /dev/sda1       485M  37M 423M  8% /boot   /dev/mapper/vg_centos-lv_home              278G 663M 263G  1% /home   

我们发现vg_centos-lv_root分区的空间已经增加了125G,之所以比lv_home减少的空间要多25G主要是由于我们把系统所有的可用的空间都加在了lv_root分区。

三、所遇到的问题

1、在卸载/home目录的时候失败

可先执行如下fuser命令,然后再umount即可:

  [root@CentOS-78 /]# fuser -m /home   [root@CentOS-78 /]# 

2、设定完lv_home的大小,再次mount该分区时,发现用df命令无法看到给分区,此时只要在mount一次即可

3、在设定lv_root的大小时,不要把Free PE / Size的空间全部都用上,这很可能会出现Free PE空间不足的现象,建议保留一点Free PE的空间。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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