Linux下如何挂载磁盘的方法示例

  [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l  //磁盘命令

  Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x000c4cb5      Device Boot   Start     End   Blocks  Id System  /dev/sda1  *      1     64   512000  83 Linux  Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.  /dev/sda2       64    2611  20458496  8e Linux LVM    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  Disk identifier: 0xd0f5c869      Device Boot   Start     End   Blocks  Id System  /dev/sdb1        1    2610  20964793+ 83 Linux    Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x00000000

  [root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc #进入磁盘  Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel  Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x45a3cadb.  Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.  After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)    WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to       switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to       sectors (command 'u').    Command (m for help): m  Command action    a  toggle a bootable flag   #设定可启动标记    b  edit bsd disklabel    c  toggle the dos compatibility flag    d  delete a partition     #删除一个分区    l  list known partition types #各分区类型所对应的ID    m  print this menu       #菜单    n  add a new partition     #添加一个分区    o  create a new empty DOS partition table    p  print the partition table  #显示该磁盘下的当前分区信息    q  quit without saving changes #不保存退出    s  create a new empty Sun disklabel    t  change a partition's system id    u  change display/entry units    v  verify the partition table    w  write table to disk and exit #保存退出    x  extra functionality (experts only)

  Command (m for help): p //打印分区信息,可以看到当前并没有分区    Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x45a3cadb      Device Boot   Start     End   Blocks  Id System    Command (m for help): n //创建一个新的分区  Command action    e  extended//输入e为创建扩展分区     p  primary partition (1-4) //输入p为创建逻辑分区   p  Partition number (1-4): 1//划分逻辑分区  First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): //我这里直接回车,是不想把该磁盘分成多个分区,把整个磁盘作为1个分区  Using default value 1  Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610):   Using default value 2610    Command (m for help): p //再次查看可以看到该磁盘已经有1个分区了    Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x45a3cadb      Device Boot   Start     End   Blocks  Id System  /dev/sdc1        1    2610  20964793+ 83 Linux  Command (m for help): w //保存分区  The partition table has been altered!    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.  Syncing disks.

  Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x406a4c58      Device Boot   Start     End   Blocks  Id System  /dev/sdc1        1    2610  20964793+ 83 Linux    

  [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1  //将/dev/sdc1格式化为ext3类型,好像大部分的磁盘都是格式化为ext3类型,具体为什么没有深入研究,暂时不清楚,想了解的朋友可以自己查一下

  [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1  mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)  文件系统标签=  操作系统:Linux  块大小=4096 (log=2)  分块大小=4096 (log=2)  Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks  1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks  262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user  第一个数据块=0  Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296  160 block groups  32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group  8192 inodes per group  Superblock backups stored on blocks:     32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,     4096000    正在写入inode表: 完成                Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成  Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or  180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.  

  [root@localhost ~]# df -h //此时只有sda1和sdb1两个磁盘挂载  Filesystem          Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on  /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root  18G  15G 1.5G 92% /  tmpfs             932M  76K 932M  1% /dev/shm  /dev/sda1           485M  40M 421M  9% /boot  /dev/sdb1           20G 1.2G  18G  7% /disk/diskone  /dev/sr0           4.2G 4.2G   0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final  [root@localhost /]# cd /disk/  [root@localhost disk]# ll  总用量 4  drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月 28 17:04 diskone  [root@localhost disk]# cd diskone/  [root@localhost diskone]# ll  总用量 20  drwx------. 2 root root 16384 7月 28 16:12 lost+found  drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 7月 28 17:09 software  [root@localhost diskone]# cd ../  [root@localhost disk]# mkdir disktwo //创建被挂载的路径  [root@localhost disk]# ll  总用量 8  drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月 28 17:04 diskone  drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 8月  1 16:48 disktwo  [root@localhost disk]# mount /dev/sdc1 /disk/disktwo/ //进行挂载  [root@localhost disk]# df -h //再次查看,发现sdc1已经挂载在/disk/disktwo路径下  Filesystem          Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on  /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root  18G  15G 1.5G 92% /  tmpfs             932M  76K 932M  1% /dev/shm  /dev/sda1           485M  40M 421M  9% /boot  /dev/sdb1           20G 1.2G  18G  7% /disk/diskone  /dev/sr0           4.2G 4.2G   0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final  /dev/sdc1           20G 173M  19G  1% /disk/disktwo    

  vim /etc/fstab  /dev/sdc1(磁盘分区) /disk/disktwo（挂载目录） ext3（文件格式）defaults 0 0